A sample series from the coagulation experiments show "flocs"—or particles—formed by adding a coagulant in the center, right-center, and rightmost container. PFAS are entrapped in flocs and are removed through gravity or filtration.
Left to right: Graduate students Afaq Ahmad and Bishnu Pandey, with Arjun Venkatesan (PI and technical lead) and Will Pennock (co-PI for the coagulation work). The new grant provides resources to conduct coagulation experiments.